Canonical and noncanonical Wnt pathways: a comparison between endometrial cancer type I and atrophic endometrium in Brazil / Vias Wnt canônica e não canônica: uma comparação entre o câncer endometrial tipo I e endométrio atrófico no Brasil

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: The Wnt pathway is involved in tumorigenesis of several tissues. For this reason, we proposed to evaluate Wnt gene expression in endometrial cancer type I. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study on materials gathered from the tissue bank of the Department of Pathology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo. METHODS: Endometrial specimens were obtained from surgeries performed between 1995 and 2005 at São Paulo Hospital, Universidade Federal de São Paulo. The material was divided into two groups according to tissue type: Group A, atrophic endometrium (n = 15); and Group B, endometrial adenocarcinoma (n = 45). We compared the immunohistochemical expression of Wnt1, Frizzled-1 (FZD1), Wnt5a, Frizzled-5 (FZD5) and beta-catenin between endometrial cancer type I and atrophic endometrium. RESULTS: Regarding Wnt1, FZD1 and Wnt5a expression, no significant association was observed between the groups. A significant association was observed between the groups in relation to FZD5 expression (P = 0.001). The proportion of FZD5-positive samples was significantly higher in group A (80.0 percent) than in group B (31.1 percent). Regarding the survival curve for FZD5 in group B, we did not find any significant association between atrophic endometrium and endometrial adenocarcinoma. We also did not find any significant association regarding beta-catenin expression (P = 1.000). CONCLUSION: FZD5 is downregulated in endometrial adenocarcinoma, in comparison with atrophic endometrium.

CONTEXTO E OBJETIVO: A via Wnt está envolvida na tumorigênese de diversos tipos de tecidos. Por essa razão, propusemo-nos a avaliar a expressão de genes da família Wnt no câncer endometrial tipo I. TIPO DE ESTUDO E LOCAL: Estudo transversal com coleta de materiais do banco de tecidos do Departamento de Patologia da Universidade Federal de São Paulo. MÉTODOS: Amostras endometriais foram obtidas de cirurgias que ocorreram entre 1995 e 2005 no Hospital São Paulo, Universidade Federal de São Paulo. Foram separados dois grupos segundo o tipo de tecido obtido: grupo A, com endométrio atrófico (n = 15); e grupo B, com adenocarcinoma endometrial (n = 45). Comparamos a expressão imunoistoquímica de Wnt 1, Frizzled-1 (FZD1), Wnt 5a, Frizzled-5 (FZD 5) e beta-catenina entre câncer endometrial tipo I e endométrio atrófico. RESULTADOS: Na expressão do Wnt1, FZD1 e Wnt5a, não observamos associação significante entre os grupos. Na expressão do FZD5, encontramos associação significante entre os grupos (P = 0,001). A proporção de positividade do FZD5 foi significantemente maior no grupo A comparado ao grupo B (31,1 por cento). Em relação à curva de sobrevida para o FZD5 no grupo B, não tivemos associação significante entre endométrio atrófico e adenocarcinoma do endométrio. Também não observamos associação significante na expressão da beta-catenina (P = 1,000). CONCLUSÃO: FZD5 é downregulated no adenocarcinoma endometrial quando comparado ao endométrio atrófico.

Correlation between immunoexpression of BCL-2 protein family with apoptosis index, cellular proliferation and survival in colorectal carcinomas

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the Bcl-2, Bax, Bad and Bak immunoexpression in tumor and nontumorous tissue of 130 patients with colorectal carcinoma submitted to surgery at São Paulo Hospital, EPM/UNIFESP, from 2002 to 2005, and to correlate the immunoexpression data with the apoptotic index (AI, obtained by anti-cleaved caspase 3 and M30 labeling), cell proliferation score (CPS, obtained by Ki-67), immunoexpression of p53 and patient's clinical prognosis. RESULTS: Positive correlation was verified between Bcl-2 protein family in tumor and nontumor tissue. Only Bcl-2 protein correlated with IA and CPS in the tumor. Positive correlation was observed between pro-apoptotic proteins and Bcl-2 protein. In the adjacent mucosa, Bcl-2 correlated with Ki-67 and p53, but not with IA. Carcinomas exhibited higher immunoexpression of CPS and IA markers. No correlation occurred between immunoexpression data and patient survival. CONCLUSION: Positive correlation was observed between the pro-apoptotic proteins of the Bcl-2 family and the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2. In the adjacent nontumor mucosa, Bcl-2 correlated with Ki-67 and p53, but not with AI. Carcinomas presented greater immunoexpression for CPS and AI markers; however immunoexpression of these markers was not correlated with patient survival.